The Legend of Zelda - Cancelled Games
Ideas and Pitches That Never Left Pre-Production
A Remake of Zelda 2 for the Super Famicom
Following the release of The Legend of Zelda: Link's Awakening, Shigeru Miyamoto and Yoshiaki Koizumi began working on a remake of Zelda II: The Adventure of Link for the Super Famicom, designed using polygons. The two experimented with a thin, polygonal Link viewed from a side-scrolling perspective, similar to the original game. Plans to turn this concept into a full game eventually fell through, and both developers moved on to other projects. However, the team still wanted to create another Zelda based around swordfighting, the way The Adventure of Link was, and this eventually led to the development of Ocarina of Time.[1]
A Side Story to Twilight Princess
Following its release in 2006, The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess went on to become one of the highest-selling games in the The Legend of Zelda franchise.[2] Keen to give players that had enjoyed Twilight Princess a new game to play while avoiding the lengthy development cycle Zelda projects typically involved, Nintendo's Shigeru Miyamoto asked the game's development team to explore ways to re-use Twilight Princess's existing world and assets.[3][4]
The idea was to use Twilight Princess's vast terrain to develop a new game that would serve as an "extra story" or "side story" to the main game's events. However, as the team began to formulate stories for this new project, Miyamoto felt these stories were too vast in scope, describing them as "epic tales" as opposed to side stories.[5] Development was halted while the team collectively pondered a solution.[6]
Ultimately, Miyamoto suggested the use of the Wii Zapper to create the game that would become Link's Crossbow Training.[7] Describing the Zelda team's reaction to the decision, Miyamoto stated: "They were kind of shocked. It was like killing all the ideas they were working with until then. Some even felt that we should not do something which makes it look like we are reusing the already existing software and selling it to the consumers."[8]
Note: Coincidentally, the original concept for the Wii Zapper was first proposed by a member of the Twilight Princess team during the development of that game.[9]
Sheikah Action RPG by Retro Studios
Some time between 2005 and 2008, Nintendo-owned Retro Studios began pre-production on a new Zelda game that would have explored the origins of the Master Sword.[10] According to concept artist Sammy Hall, who retroactively revealed it in 2020 via his ArtStation account, the game would have taken place within the "bad ending" of Ocarina of Time.[11]
The project was described as an "action/JRPG" title that would have involved the last male Sheikah's journey transforming into the Master Sword, following a genocidal ethnic cleansing of the Sheikah tribe. During this time, a Dark Gerudo tribe would be giving a "100-year birth" to some form of Ganon.[12] It is unclear if or how this concept would have fit into the events of the Zelda timeline.
Hall would later reveal that the idea for the game had come from former Retro Studios leads Mark Pacini, Todd Keller, and Kynan Pearson.[13] Hall was asked to brainstorm the Sheik project in between his other work at Retro Studios, but stated that he doubted most of Nintendo's staff in Japan ever saw much of his concept work.[14]
The Sheik project was ultimately shelved in 2008 when Pacini and Keller quit Retro Studios to pursue other goals.[15] It is unclear as to what extent Nintendo was aware of the project, or whether the company ever had plans to support it. In a 2011 interview, Nintendo's Shigeru Miyamoto stated that Nintendo was open to the idea of collaborating with Retro Studios on a Zelda game; however, when the question of a Retro Studios-developed Zelda was posed once again in 2016, Miyamoto suggested that Retro's busy development schedule and distance from Japan would make such a project difficult to coordinate.[16][17]
Additionally, Miyamoto stated in 2016 that Nintendo had internally discussed developing a Zelda game centered around Sheik at some point, but it is unclear as to whether he was referring to the Retro Studios Sheik project specifically.[18]
Note: An interesting parallel to note between the cancelled Sheik project and The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword is that the plot for both games involved a character transforming into the Master Sword.
A Sequel to Link's Crossbow Training
The Legend of Zelda series producer Eiji Aonuma has stated that he was once considering a sequel to Link's Crossbow Training, expressing a desire to do "something more and better" in the field of the first-person shooter.[19]
According to Aonuma, he would have liked to include a full-fledged online multiplayer mode through the Wii's Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection service in such a game.[20] Judging by Aonuma's statements, the project never went into development as Nintendo felt he should focus on developing an entirely new Zelda game instead.[21]
Multiplayer Games for Nintendo DS and 3DS
Multiplayer games along the lines of Four Swords and Four Swords Adventures were explored on both Nintendo DS and Nintendo 3DS.
The first instance of this was in 2004, when Daiki Iwamoto, a programmer that had worked on Four Swords, prototyped a multiplayer Zelda along the lines of that game, for the Nintendo DS. At the time, series producer Eiji Aonuma asked Iwamoto to focus on other ideas instead.[22] This would lead to the development of The Legend of Zelda: Phantom Hourglass.
The second instance was in 2009, when designer Hiromasa Shikata (who had served as one of many sub-directors on Twilight Princess) and programmer Shiro Mouri (who had served as lead programmer on the Nintendo DS Zelda games) were brainstorming ideas for the Nintendo 3DS handheld, which had not yet been revealed to the public.[23]
During the development of Spirit Tracks, Shikata had felt the game's cooperative gameplay mechanics were well suited to a multiplayer game.[24] Perhaps due to this, Shikata and Mouri's initial approach to a 3DS Zelda was a game centered around player communication, similar to Four Swords and Four Swords Adventures. When the pair presented the idea to their managers, it was turned down by Shigeru Miyamoto, who felt the concept sounded stale.[25] This eventually led to the development of The Legend of Zelda: A Link Between Worlds.
Following the release of A Link Between Worlds, both Shikata and Mouri would go on to develop The Legend of Zelda: Tri Force Heroes', eventually giving the 3DS its own distinct multiplayer Zelda.
3D Classics: The Legend of Zelda
A 3D rerelease of The Legend of Zelda was planned to be a part of the 3D Classics line of games.[26] However, it was cancelled at an early point in its development process, potentially due to the difficulty of creating games for the line,[27] and was never seen outside of E3 2010.
Games That Were Altered / Cancelled During Development
A More Experimental Zelda 3
A number of ideas and features were in consideration for the third Zelda game, many of which were cut during development.
The first Legend of Zelda game was originally going to involve sci-fi themes, whereby the main character would travel between the past and the future, and the Triforce was a trio of electronic chips that would play a role in his adventure.[28] For the third Zelda, the development team considered the idea of a science fiction backdrop once more, as demonstrated by concept art of a sci-fi Zelda revealed in the Hyrule Historia art book.
In a 2017 interview, director Takashi Tezuka also revealed that the third Legend of Zelda game was originally going to involve a "multi-world structure," where events taking place in the hub world would have an effect on the others.[29] Three worlds were initially conceived for the game (one of which may have been a futuristic or sci-fi world as suggested by the concept art), but Nintendo felt that three worlds would be too confusing for players and reduced the idea to just two worlds instead.[30]
Shigeru Miyamoto had also initially wanted Zelda 3 to adopt an RPG-like party structure, well before the game even went into development. Miyamoto's original idea called for Link to be accompanied by two companions—a magic user and a fairy whose role would consist of reconnaissance, with Link himself serving as an elf-like fighter character. This idea was never used either, and the design for the fairy was instead utilized in Zelda II: The Adventure of Link.[31]
Finally, another idea that was cut during development involved the game being more open-ended in its structure, with multiple paths through the world. This idea was abandoned due to memory constraints (with Miyamoto hypothesizing that it would have required 150% more memory than the Super Famicom possessed) and the complications it would have caused in terms of game structure.[32]
"Zelda 3" was ultimately released as The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past.
Ura Zelda
When Nintendo revealed the Nintendo 64 to the public in 1995, the company also announced an add-on peripheral for the device, dubbed the "64DD". This was a disk drive that would provide the Nintendo 64 with additional RAM, as well as rewritable memory, that would allow for user-created content to be saved to the disk.
The company's first 3D Zelda game, Ocarina of Time, was intended to be developed with the 64DD peripheral in mind, utilizing its hardware to create a persistent world with lasting effects such as trees remaining cut once the player had chopped them down, or Link leaving permanent footprints behind him wherever he walked.[33] This idea was ultimately shelved, owing to the fact that the 64DD consisted of mechanical moving parts like a hard disk, and depending on where on the disk the data was stored, it could take longer to retrieve. This would potentially limit the number of animations that could be programmed for Link, which led to the team's decision.[34]
By 1998, following the release of Ocarina of Time, videogame development costs had increased significantly. The industry had grown increasingly competitive with the introduction of Sony's PlayStation platform, which enjoyed the vast majority of support from third-party game developers. Anticipating a need to release games faster to support the Nintendo 64, Nintendo's Shigeru Miyamoto felt that the solution was to work on games with shorter development cycles, that still had the potential to sell well. In Miyamoto's view, Ocarina of Time could have been finished much sooner, had Nintendo "cut some parts".[35]
In order to give the Nintendo 64 a second Zelda game in a shorter time, Miyamoto asked his team to develop an updated version of Ocarina of Time for the 64DD. This project, titled "Ura Zelda," was meant to use remixed dungeons from Ocarina of Time and add other enhancements such as fleshing out unresolved plot threads. Eiji Aonuma, who had designed the dungeons for Ocarina of Time, was put in charge of development.[36] Unenthused by the idea of remixing his older dungeons, Aonuma eventually asked permission to create an entirely new Zelda game instead, which would lead to the development of The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask.[37]
Aonuma would serve as director on Majora's Mask, while a separate team would work on Ura Zelda.[38] In 1999, Miyamoto would state that Ura Zelda was being developed in parallel with The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask, and that it would "use the existing Ocarina of Time cartridge" but with different dungeons, treasure locations, and story events that made use of the 64DD peripheral. At the time, Miyamoto also stated that Nintendo was considering using some form of "network technology" for the game.[39]
Ura Zelda would eventually be released as The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time Master Quest in 2003 for the Nintendo Gamecube. The final game would not include most of the ideas originally planned for Ura Zelda. These included:
• A persistent world with permanent consequences of the player's actions[40]
• New story events[41]
• More quests involving masks and the ability to use the GB Camera to create masks for Link[42]
• The use of "network technology"[43]
According to Miyamoto, development on Ocarina of Time Master Quest had been finished for some time, as of August 2000.[44] It was eventually released as a pre-order bonus for 2003's The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker, in order to help spur pre-orders for that game.
Note: A Japanese ROM of Ocarina of Time can be tricked into believing a Nintendo 64DD disk has been inserted. Doing so will display a "Disk" icon on the game's title screen. This demonstrates how the game was designed to be compatible with the 64DD as stated by Nintendo following its release.[45][46]
A remake of The Legend of Zelda on the Game Boy Color
Following its formation as a subsidiary under Capcom, game development studio Flagship began collaborating with Nintendo on the development of a trilogy of Zelda games for the Game Boy Color in 1999, under the title The Legend of Zelda: The Mysterious Acorn. One of these three games was meant to be a portable conversion of The Legend of Zelda with new features.[47]
As development would progress, the team would discover unforeseen hurdles with porting the first Zelda game to the Game Boy Color. Flagship hadn't accounted for the fact that the Game Boy Color used a narrower screen than a television. As a result, the GBC wasn't able to display rooms built for the first Zelda (which had been designed for TVs) in their entirety. The player needed to move around to be able to view the full extent of the room they were in, which meant it was easy to miss details such as stairways, cracks in the wall, and other similar clues meant to steer progress.[48]
These hurdles, combined with feature creep and Flagship's relative inexperience, would lead to the development team constantly having to rework the game's story and environments to fit one another over the course of a year.[49][50] The remake was eventually cancelled, and the remaining two games in the intended trilogy were released as Oracle of Seasons and Oracle of Ages.
Note: While the trilogy was in development, the three games had different placeholder subtitles in Japanese. The commonly accepted translations for these are Mystical Seed Power, Mystical Seed of Courage, and Mystical Seed of Wisdom. The Legend of Zelda Encyclopedia confirms that Mystical Seed of Power would become Oracle of Seasons. This would indicate that Mystical Seed of Courage became Oracle of Ages, owing to the piece of the Triforce depicted during the game's introduction, and that Mystical Seed of Wisdom was the game that was cancelled.[51]
The Wind Waker 2
2003's The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker had not performed to expectations. The game had sold relatively poorly in Japan, owing to the fact that the country's videogame market had begun to decline. Additionally, despite a successful pre-order campaign, sales in the west were also slowing faster than usual. Series producer Eiji Aonuma would discover that this was because The Wind Waker's cartoon-ish visuals had alienated the upper-teen audience that represented the typical Zelda player in North America—the series' largest market.[52]
By the time The Wind Waker was released, game development costs on home consoles had risen significantly. This was something that Nintendo had been wary of for some time, as the company believed that creating games with constantly escalating budgets was an unsustainable business.[53][54] Meanwhile, Four Swords Adventures, a concept pitched by Shigeru Miyamoto, had failed to set a new direction for either Zelda or the Nintendo GameCube, and Nintendo was uncertain as to what the Zelda franchise needed to do next. A declining Japanese market, rising development costs, and apathy from the western audience were putting pressure on Eiji Aonuma and the core Zelda development team to achieve some sort of breakthrough, failing which the franchise was under threat of being shelved permanently.[55]
At the time, Nintendo was already planning the next Zelda game for the Nintendo GameCube. Tentatively titled The Wind Waker 2, the game would use the same cel-shaded visual style as The Wind Waker but would take place on land instead, with Link riding on horseback like in Ocarina of Time. During the initial stages of planning, the development team would discover that Toon Link's proportions didn't lend themselves well to horseback riding, and while an adult version of Toon Link had already been contemplated for the original The Wind Waker, the team felt this wasn't the solution they were looking for.[56]
At the time, series producer Eiji Aonuma had become aware of the demand for a more realistic Zelda game from the series' North American audience.[57] Given the facts, Aonuma appealed for The Wind Waker 2 to be drastically altered and the project went on to become The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess.[58][59]
Twilight Princess would ultimately be a very different game visually, but art director Satoru Takizawa has stated that the character profile for Midna was inherited from a goblin/devilkin character that was to be featured in a "secret project" the Zelda team was working on prior to that game.[60] It is assumed that Takizawa was referring to The Wind Waker 2 project in his statement.
A Horror Game Starring Tingle
In 2010, following its work on Ripened Tingle's Balloon Trip of Love, Japanese game developer Vanpool began working on a horror game starring Tingle as the main character. According to Nintendo's Kensuke Tanabe, the project was cancelled "due to a variety of reasons".[61]
While no further details have been revealed about the project, it is assumed that Tanabe would have served as the game's producer, as on the prior Tingle games, and that Vanpool founder Taro Kudo, who directed Freshly-Picked Tingle's Rosy Rupeeland, would have been involved in some capacity as well.
Vanpool would instead go on to develop Dillon's Rolling Western and its two sequels, all of which would be produced by Tanabe. Kudo would direct the first Dillon's Rolling Western game, and would eventually quit Vanpool to go independent. He would then serve as the writer and director on various Paper Mario games, and his comments during this period (2017) indicate that he was an independent developer at the time.[62][63][64]
Note: Taro Kudo's first directing job on Paper Mario was as a member of Vanpool, which co-developed Paper Mario: Sticker Star alongside Intelligent Systems.[65] Following the game's release, Kudo would go independent but continue to work on subsequent Paper Mario projects with Nintendo. At present, it is unclear whether Kudo is still an independent developer or not.
A Second Quest for Skyward Sword
At one point, the development had planned to give The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword a "Second Quest" that would have allowed the player to play as Zelda. This would have involved a fully-playable adventure from Zelda's point of view after she had landed on the Surface. The idea was never used, but the setting for the story was used in the cinematic shown after the game's ending.[66]
Non-Nintendo Projects
The Wind Waker for Game Boy Advance
A prototype that was created in 2003 by Ubisoft staff members Davide Soliani and Fabio Pagetti, in the hope of pitching the project to Nintendo via Ubisoft.[67] The prototype was produced in a month and purportedly ran well on the Game Boy Advance hardware.[68][69] Described as "just a dream of a couple of young devs," by Soliani, the project was never greenlit by Ubisoft or presented to Nintendo.[70][71]
When asked if a "whole vertical slice" of the project was ever produced, Soliani clarified that this was not the case.[72][73] The only remnant of the project today is a single screenshot that was shared by Soliani via his Twitter account.[74][75]
Prior to working on the prototype, Soliani had served as a "Game Design Studio Manager" on Game Boy Advance projects such as The Mummy and Tomb Raider: The Prophecy, both of which were produced by Ubisoft.[76][77] Soliani would go on to be part of the level design team at Kuju Entertainment on Battalion Wars, a Gamecube game published by Nintendo.[78] He would later work with Nintendo more closely as the Creative Director of Mario + Rabbids: Kingdom Battle.[79]
References
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- ↑ "According to Hall, the ideas for both games came from ex-Retro leads Mark Pacini, Todd Keller and Kynan Pearson, but were "cancelled the week they went to create their other studios." — Joe Skrebels, Concept Artist Discusses Retro's Cancelled Zelda and Mario Spin-Offs , IGN, published May 8, 2021, retrieved May 16, 2021.
- ↑ "Speaking to IGN, ex-Retro Studios concept artist Sammy Hall explained that both games were in pre-production when cancelled, and "I doubt many at Nintendo proper saw much of any of this stuff. I was mostly put into a room like Milton from Office Space and tasked to brainstorm between other projects."" — Joe Skrebels, Concept Artist Discusses Retro's Cancelled Zelda and Mario Spin-Offs , IGN, published May 8, 2021, retrieved May 16, 2021.
- ↑ "According to Hall, the ideas for both games came from ex-Retro leads Mark Pacini, Todd Keller and Kynan Pearson, but were "cancelled the week they went to create their other studios." — Joe Skrebels, Concept Artist Discusses Retro's Cancelled Zelda and Mario Spin-Offs , IGN, published May 8, 2021, retrieved May 16, 2021.
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- ↑ ""In terms of them working on a Zelda, it's not out of the question, certainly, for them to work on an entire Zelda game amongst themselves," Miyamoto said. "Traditionally I think that the Zelda team has always had a close contact with anyone who's working on a Zelda game. If you were going to have that happen in the US at Retro, that would be kind of difficult for them to be able to coordinate. Certainly they're too busy for that sort of thing right now. It would probably require me to be involved to a great extent as well, so I would have to get over quite a bit too. I'd probably have to live in Texas... [laughs]"" — Marc Nix, Retro Studios 'Too Busy' to Work on Zelda , IGN, published Jun 29, 2016, retrieved May 16, 2021.
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- ↑ "So at first it looked like you would merely port it, but it actually turned out to be a lot of work! (laughs) I would guess it was about 20 times the work of merely porting it?" — Satoru Iwata, Iwata Asks : Nintendo 3DS : Classic Games in 3D , Nintendo.
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- ↑ "The title might support the GB Camera to create masks for Link. Miyamoto hinted of this possibility in a 64 Dream interview. If this does turn out to be true, gamers will be able to create their own masks in Talent Studio and implement them into Ura-Zelda." — IGN Staff, How far along is Gaiden? What's happening with Ura-Zelda? Miyamoto reveals more on both. , IGN, published Sep 23, 1999, retrieved May 18, 2021.
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- ↑ "Speaking to the press in an open forum held yesterday in Tokyo, Japan, Nintendo's Shigeru Miyamoto casually commented that "Ura-Zelda" (aka: Legend of Zelda DD) has been completed for some time now." — IGN Staff, Ura-Zelda Complete , IGN, published Aug 26, 2000, retrieved May 18, 2021.
- ↑ "It is possible to trick the game into believing you have inserted an Ura Zelda disk. This can be done with a Japanese-region Ocarina of Time ROM by changing the bytes at 0xB9CCD0 from Ocarina of Time's identifier, EZLJ, to the identifier of another 64DD disk in your possession. The game will then recognize the 64DD disk as Ura Zelda. This will cause the game to display a Disk tag on the title screen. In addition, save files with Disk tags appended will no longer be greyed out. However, the game crashes if you try to load them, perhaps because it is trying to access non-existent files on the disk." — The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time , The Cutting Room Floor, retrieved May 18, 2021.
- ↑ ""Ocarina of Time has been designed with the disk drive system in mind," Mr. Miyamoto told IGN64. "More specifically, if you connect Zelda with the disk drive, an icon will appear on screen, announcing 'Ura-Zelda', or 'Another Zelda'. There were several ideas that I could not incorporate [in the current game] because of the time shortage and other reasons. In the future, I want some new areas and new dungeons to be available for players who have already finished Ocarina of Time, where they will find new challenges."" — IGN Staff, Zelda DD: The Other Adventure , IGN, published November 17, 1998, retrieved May 18, 2021.
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- ↑ "最初は『ビルダの伝説ふしぎの木の実力の章/知惠の章/勇気の章』の三部作として予定されていた。『力の章』は現在の『大地の章』の内容で。四季を司るゼルダ姫がさらわれ、ハイラルとウーラ世界を行き来する物語であった。" (The Legend of Zelda Encyclopedia (Japanese edition), Tokuma Shoten Publishing, pg. 255)
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- ↑ "During development, the team considered turning Zelda's adventure after she landed on the Surface into a fully playable "Second Quest". It never became reality, but the setting of that story was used in the cinematic shown after the game's ending." (The Legend of Zelda Encyclopedia, Dark Horse, pg. 297)
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- ↑ "Lara Croft: Tomb Raider - The Prophecy (2002) (Game Design Studio Manager)" — MobyGames, Davide Soliani Video Game Credits and Biography , MobyGames, retrieved May 16, 2021.
- ↑ "Battalion Wars (2005) (Level Design Team)" — MobyGames, Davide Soliani Video Game Credits and Biography , MobyGames, retrieved May 16, 2021.
- ↑ "Mario + Rabbids: Kingdom Battle (2017) (Creative Director)" — MobyGames, Davide Soliani Video Game Credits and Biography , MobyGames, retrieved May 16, 2021.